At 9 am on September 2, 1945 – 75 years ago today – aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, the Japanese Instrument of Surrender was signed between representatives of the Japanese Empire and the Allied forces, formally bringing to an end the hostilities of the Second World War (although, in terms of international diplomacy, a State of War continued between Japan and most of the allies until the 1952 when the Treaty of San Francisco came into effect, re-establishing peaceful relations.)

Canada’s representative at the signing 75 years ago was Colonel Lawrence Vincent Moore Cosgrave (1890-1971). Colonel Cosgrave was born in Toronto and graduated from the Royal Military College in 1912. He served in the First World War as a junior officer with the Canadian Field Artillery, and was twice awarded the Distinguished Service Order (in 1916 and again in 1918), and was later presented with the French Croix de Guerre. Cosgrave was wounded in action, losing vision in one eye.

Cosgrave recalled that his friend, Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae, wrote the poem “In Flanders Fields” on a scrap of paper on Cosgrave’s back during a break in the artillery barrage during the Second Battle of Ypres on May 3, 1915. McCrae served as the Medical Officer and Major in the 1st Brigade of the Canadian Field Artillery – the same unit that Cosgrave served with. The poem was first published on December 8, 1915.

On October 5, 1963 Cosgrave unveiled the Colonel John McCrae Memorial, at Boezinge, Ypres. In Cosgrave’s later career he served as the Canadian Trade Commissioner in Shanghai (1925-1935), Melbourne (1935-1937) and Sydney (1937-1942). During the Second World War, he was appointed as the Canadian Military Attaché to Australia. But I digress.

On September 2, 1945 Colonel Cosgrave was the Canadian representative at the official surrender of Japan, and signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender on behalf of the Dominion of Canada.

When it came Cosgrave’s turn to sign the document, he mistakenly signed his name one line too low on the Japanese copy of the documents. His loss of vision in the First World War may have contributed to the mistake. Each succeeding representative then signed on the line below their assigned line.

So what has this to do with Mississauga, you might wonder?

Colonel Lawrence Cosgrave was the son of Lawrence (baptized Laurence) Joseph Cosgrave (1852-1916) and Kate Ellen (nee Forbes). His siblings included older brother James, who would go to partner with E.P Taylor with racehorses, and establish Cosgrave Stables. (E.P. Taylor’s company, Canadian Equity and Development Limited, began purchasing land in the Erin Mills area of Mississauga in 1950s, and eventually established the Erin Mills Development Corporation. But I digress again.)

Colonel Cosgrave’s grandfather was Patrick Cosgrave. Born in Ireland, Patrick immigrated to Canada at the age of 38, and settled, at first, in historic Mississauga near the hamlet of Pucky Huddle (around the modern intersection of Burnhamthorpe Road and Tomken Road).

In 1857, together with partner John Moss, Patrick established Cosgrave Brewery at Pucky Huddle, and specialized in a strong Irish porter. After a few years, Patrick moved his brewery to nearby Toronto and purchased the West Toronto Brewery. Later partners included Charles Sproatt, Eugene O’Keefe and Robert Elmsley.

In time, Patrick’s sons John and Lawrence were apprenticed into the trade, and both became partners in the 1870s. In 1878 Lawrence Joseph Cosgrave took over management of the company, by then known as Cosgrave & Sons Ltd. True innovators, Lawrence and John invented a specialized bottle pump, allowing them to fill 7,200 bottles a day and Cosgrave beer was shipped abroad to Australia, South Africa and the West Indies.

In 1934, the Cosgrave Brewery merged with E.P. Tayler’s Dominion Brewery to form the Cosgrave Dominion brewery, which in turn, in 1945, became part of the Canadian Brewing Corporation.

In terms of connecting the dots, 75 years ago today Colonel Lawrence Cosgrave, looking weary and older than his 55 years of age, shakily signed his name on the wrong line. 88 years before that moment, back in 1857, his grandfather Patrick arrived in Canada and established a brewery here in Mississauga.

NOTE: This story was previously published as part of the Way Back Wednesday series in Modern Mississauga by Heritage Mississauga.

It can be found on their website here: https://www.modernmississauga.com/main/2020/9/2/missing-his-mark-and-connecting-the-dots-the-mississauga-connection-to-the-end-of-the-second-world-war